Abstract:
The article presents the results of studying rhinocytogram of the child population of three industrial cities of
Karaganda region (Temirtau, Balkhash, Abai cities). The methods of cytological analyses of mucous membrane
of the nasal cavity (MMNC) were used. Cytochemical methods were used for early detection of
functional changes in the non-specific mononuclear system of protection of an organism from environmental
factors. In the cytomorphologycal study of MMNC’s cell, it was found a reduced quantity of normal
epithelial cells of children which live in Temirtau city (10.8 times) and in Balkhash city (12.1 times)..
Students of Abai city had the 13.3 times decrease of indicators in the cells of flat epithelium. The number of
segmental and rod-core neutrophils with signs of damage exceeded the physiological norms in the children's
population of Abai (4.8 times), Temirtau (6.3 times), and Balkhash (7.4 times). Thus, with the help of indicators
of bacterial contamination of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, it is possible to identify people
who are at risk for non-specific diseases and have suppressed function of immune system.
