Abstract:
Data on study of the component composition and biological activity of the essential oil of Achillea micrantha
Willd. (Asteraceae family) are presented in this article. The raw materials for the researching were collected
at the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Karaganda region during the flowering period. Essential oil of
plant by hydrodistillation was obtained, the yield is 0.22 %. The component composition of essential oil was
studied using GC/MS Clarus-SQ 8 (PerkinElmer). Antimicrobial, antifungal, antimalarial, cytotoxic, antiradical
and anti-tuberculosis activities of essential oil were studied. Antibacterial and antifungal activity were
identified using the strain of 5 human-pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, St. aureus (MRSa), Escherichia
coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium intracellulare) and 5 fungi (Candida albicans,
C. glabrata, C. krusei, Aspergillus fumigates, Cryptococcus neoformans). Antimalarial activity of the sample
was tested for its ability to inhibit Plasmodium falciparum of protozoa. Cytotoxic activity carried out using
test on larvae of Artemia salina. Determination of antiradical activity of essential oil was performed against
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as a reagent for comparison, gallic acid (GA) and butylhydroxyanisole
(BHA). The tuberculosis activity of essential oil was determined on Mycobacterium tuberculosis
H37Rv sensitive to all five first-line antituberculosis drugs (streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol
and pirazinamide). As a result of research it was established that A. micrantha Willd essential oil doesn't possess
or shows low degree of the above types of activity, shows lethal toxicity concerning Artemia salina larvae
of crustaceans in all tested concentration (1–10 mg/ml).
